Dementia
Dementia is a general term describing the loss of cognitive function, including memory, thinking, and reasoning, severe enough to interfere with daily life. It’s caused by various brain diseases that damage nerve cells, leading to symptoms that worsen over time. While most people with dementia are 65 or older, it’s not a normal part of aging, and many older adults do not develop it. Important aspects of dementia patients care include:
- Person-Centred Approach Tailoring care to the individual’s life history, preferences, and remaining abilities. Example: Using a photo album to spark memories of family.
- Daily Living Support Assistance with personal care, meals, and mobility as independence declines. Example: Simplified dressing routines (laying out clothes in order).
- Communication Strategies Clear, calm language; nonverbal cues (touch, eye contact); avoiding confrontation. Example: Saying "Let’s wash your hands" instead of "You need to wash."
- Behavioral Management Redirecting agitation or confusion with sensory tools (fidget blankets) or calming spaces. Example: Playing familiar music to soothe sundowning anxiety.
- Safety Adaptations Home modifications (locked cabinets, GPS trackers) to prevent wandering or accidents.
- Family/Caregiver Support Education on dementia progression and respite services to reduce burnout
